单纯锥度固位种植体应用于后牙区即刻种植5~7年的临床疗效

doi:10.7518/hxkq.2023.2022439

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的评估单纯锥度固位种植体在后牙区即刻种植修复后5~7年的长期临床疗效。方法选取2015年1月—2017年12月于南昌大学第四附属医院口腔科就诊行后牙区即刻种植修复患者共38名，53枚种植体，均为深部植入（骨下≥2 mm），上部结构修复完成后，追踪观察60~90个月，记录并分析种植体周围骨组织健康状况。结果随访5~7年间，有1枚种植体失败脱落，种植体存留率为98.1%；种植体修复后5~7年近远中边缘骨吸收量分别为（0.16±0.94）、（-0.01±1.29）mm，种植体近远中边缘骨高度与修复后即刻比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；牙周炎、种植位点炎症、吸烟对种植体周围边缘骨吸收的影响差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论单纯锥度固位种植体扩宽了后牙区即刻种植适应证，其骨下深部植入方式（骨下≥2 mm）在一定程度上避免种植体受到外界刺激干扰及种植体颈部基台暴露，种植体周围边缘骨长期稳定性良好。

关键词: 单纯锥度固位, 后牙区, 即刻种植, 骨吸收

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of simple taper retentive implants in the posterior dental area after immediate implantation for 5-7 years. Methods Selected from January 2015 to December 2017 in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University dental clinic line tooth area immediately after the implant prosthesis, a total of 38 patients, 53 implants, were deep into (bone under 2 mm or higher) and the upper structure was repaired. In addition, after the completion of tracking observation of 60-90 months, the implant surrounding bone health was recorded and analyzed. Results After 5-7 years of follow-up, 1 of the 53 implants failed to fall out, and the implant retention rate was 98.1%. The amount of bone resorption in the proximal and distal margins 5-7 years after implant restoration was (0.16±0.94) mm and (-0.01±1.29) mm, respectively, and the difference in bone height between the proximal and distal margins of the implant and the immediate post-restoration period was not statistically significant (P>0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the effects of periodontitis, implant site inflammation, and smoking on peri-implant marginal bone resorption (P>0.05). Conclusion The single taper-retained implant broadens the indications for immediate implant placement in the posterior region, and its deep sub-osseous placement (≥2 mm below the bone) avoids to a certain extent the disturbance of the implant by external stimuli and the exposure of the cervical abutment of the implant, with the good long-term stability of the marginal bone around the implant.

Key words: simple taper fixation, posterior dental area, immediate implant placement, bone resorption

中图分类号:

R 783

任碧晖, 郭水根, 徐业豪, 戴婕婷, 魏洪武. 单纯锥度固位种植体应用于后牙区即刻种植5~7年的临床疗效[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2023, 41(3): 341-349.

Ren Bihui, Guo Shuigen, Xu Yehao, Dai Jieting, Wei Hongwu.. Clinical efficacy of simple taper retentive implants in immediate posterior dental implantation for 5-7 years[J]. West China Journal of Stomatology, 2023, 41(3): 341-349.

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基本信息	分类	n/%
性别	男	26/68.4
	女	12/31.6
年龄/岁	≤65	31/81.6
	>65	7/18.4
种植位点/枚	上颌	18/34.0
	下颌	35/66.0
	前磨牙	8/15.1
	磨牙	45/84.9
有无牙周炎	有	30/78.9
	无	8/21.1
是否吸烟	是	21/55.3
	否	17/44.7
根尖是否有炎症	有	28/52.8
	无	25/47.2

长度/mm	直径/mm				总计/枚
长度/mm	4.0	4.5	5.0	6.0	总计/枚
合计	1	17	17	15	50
6	0	4	1	8	13
8	0	9	10	6	25
11	1	4	6	1	12

骨高度	T0	T1	T2	T1-T0	T2-T1	T2-T0
P值	0.559	0.679	0.174	0.901	0.328	0.458
近中骨高度	2.43±1.92	1.55±1.42	1.71±1.34	-0.88±1.73*	0.16±0.94	-0.72±1.61*
远中骨高度	2.33±1.72	1.47±1.71	1.47±1.36	-0.86±1.19*	-0.01±1.29	-0.86±1.55*

种植位点	ΔT2-T1	P值	ΔT2-T1_（组间）	P_组间值
上颌	-0.12±1.59	0.661	-0.31±1.70	0.303
下颌	0.18±0.79	0.069
前磨牙	-0.53±1.80	0.261	-0.75±2.42	0.232
磨牙	0.19±0.92	0.059

种植体型号		ΔT2-T1	P值	P_组间值
直径/mm	4.5	0.11±0.15	0.494	0.991
	5.0	0.07±1.51	0.770
	6.0	0.06±0.91	0.729
长度/mm	6	0.09±0.81	0.595	0.838
	8	0.17±1.43	0.413
	11	-0.05±0.77	0.776